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Token Model

Class 6 Maths · Chapter 10: Zero ke Us Paar · NCERT Ganita Prakash section 10.2

Seekho

Ira aur Zoya do tarah ke tokens se khelti hain. Hara token +1 ka aur coral token −1 ka. Teen hare aur ek coral dikhaate hain 3 − 1 = +2.

Ek hara aur ek coral milkar +1 + (−1) = 0. Ye zero pair hai. Zero pairs jodne ya hataane se value kabhi nahi badalti. To +2 ko 5 hare aur 3 coral bhi dikha sakte hain.

5 − 3 = +2

Jodna: tokens saath rakho, phir zero pairs hatao. (+4) + (−6): 4 hare aur 6 coral → 4 pairs kat-te hain, 2 coral bachte hain → −2.

(+4) + (−6) = −2

Ghataana: tokens hatao. (+3) − (+5): tumhare paas sirf 3 hare hain, par 5 hataane hain. Pehle 2 zero pairs jodo (value ab bhi +3), ab 5 hare hatao: 2 coral bachte hain → −2.

(+3) − (+5) = −2

Dekho: (+3) − (+5) = −2, aur (+3) + (−5) bhi = −2. Koi number hataana uska ulta jodne jaisa hai. To (−2) − (−6) = (−2) + (+6) = +4.

a − b = a + (−b)

Explore: tokens se khelo.

  1. −4 dikhao.
  2. Theek 8 tokens se +2 dikhao.
  3. Ye 2 hare tokens (+2) hain. 5 hare tokens hatao. (Pehle zero pairs jodo!) Kya bacha?

Yaad rakho

  • Hara = +1, coral = −1; ek hara aur ek coral zero pair (0) banaate hain.
  • Number ghataana = uska ulta jodna: 3 − 5 = 3 + (−5).

Quick check

(−5) + (+3) kya hai?

  1. −2
  2. +2
  3. −8
  4. +8
Answer

−2. 3 zero pairs kat-te hain; 2 coral (−1) tokens bachte hain: −2.

Socho

Anjali kehti hai do integers jodne par answer dono se bada hota hai. Aisa udaharan dhoondo jo dikhaaye wo galat hai.

Ek answer

(+5) + (−3) = +2, jo +5 se chhota hai. Negative number jodne se answer chhota hota hai.

Practice

Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.