Paudhe Apna Khaana Kaise Banaate
Class 7 Science · Chapter 10: Paudhon mein Jeevan Prakriyaayein · NCERT Curiosity section 10.2
Seekho
Paudhe jaanwaron ki tarah nahi khaate. Wo khaana banaakar starch ke roop mein rakhte. Teacher ke saath dost patti ko naram karne ubaalte, phir alcohol mein (garam paani mein rakhi test tube mein, lau ke paas kabhi nahi) halka hone tak garam karte, aur iodine daalte: neela-kaala, to patti mein starch. Pattiyan chlorophyll se hari, ek rangak jo dhoop pakadta.
Ishaan hare aur safed dhabbon wali patti jaanchta. Dhoop wale paudhe ki patti mein sirf hare hisse neela-kaala. Kai din andhere wale paudhe mein koi hissa nahi. To starch ke liye chlorophyll aur dhoop dono chahiye. Phir aadha patta caustic soda wali bottle mein band, jo carbon dioxide sokhta: sirf bahar wala aadha starch banaata. Carbon dioxide bhi chahiye.
Dhoop mein keep ke neeche jaliya paudha bulbule chhodta; gas mein sulagti teeli bhadak uthti: ye oxygen. Andhere mein bulbule nahi. To paudhe carbon dioxide aur paani, dhoop aur chlorophyll ke saath, se glucose aur oxygen banaate: prakaash-sanshleshan. Glucose turant oorja deta ya starch bankar jama hota. Gas patti ke chhote chhidron, stomata, se aati-jaati.
carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen (sunlight, chlorophyll)
Pattiyan bahut roshni pakadne ko chaudi aur chapti: ye paudhe ki khaana factory. Doosre hare hisse, jaise hare tane, bhi prakaash-sanshleshan karte. Bharatiya vanaspati-vaigyaanik R. H. Dastur ne padha ki paani, taapmaan aur roshni ka rang prakaash-sanshleshan par kaise asar daalte.
Explore: starch kahaan banta?
- Har patti ka hissa jaanchkar sort karo.
Explore: prakaash-sanshleshan ki vidhi.
- Har ek sort karo.
Yaad rakho
- Prakaash-sanshleshan: carbon dioxide + paani → glucose + oxygen, dhoop aur chlorophyll se.
- Iodine test starch sirf wahaan dikhaata jahaan chlorophyll, roshni aur CO₂; gas stomata se.
Quick check
Caustic soda bottle mein aadha patta starch nahi banaata. Kya gaayab tha?
- carbon dioxide
- sunlight
- water
- chlorophyll
Answer
carbon dioxide. Caustic soda hawa se carbon dioxide sokhta.
Socho
Agar Prithvi ke saare paudhe gaayab ho jaayein to jaanwaron ka kya hoga?
Ek answer
Jaanwaron ka khaana, seedhe ya khaadya shrinkhala se, khatam ho jaata aur oxygen dheere-dheere ghat jaati. Zyaadatar jeevan nahi bachta.
Practice
Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.