Mausam aur Uske Tatva

Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 2: Mausam ko Samajhna · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 2.1

Seekho

Kabir December ki subah uthkar kaanpta aur sweater pehnta; May mein sabse patli sooti kameez chunta. Uska shareer mausam mehsoos kar raha: kisi khaas samay aur jagah par vaayumandal ki dasha. Vaayumandal Prithvi ke charon or gaison (hawa) ki chaadar. Zameen ke sabse paas ki parat, kshobhmandal (troposphere), 6–18 km moti, jahaan hum rehte aur lagbhag saara mausam hota.

Hum mausam ko garam, thanda, umas bhara aur hawaadaar jaise shabdon se batate, par inka arth har kisi ke liye alag. Jab Chennai se Zoya Srinagar mein Ishaan ko video call karke kehti "aaj thand hai!", Ishaan hansta: uski "thand" uska suhaana basant. Mausam saaf batane ko hum uske tatva naapte: taapmaan, varsha (baarish, barf, sleet, ole), vaayudaab (upar ki hawa ka vazan), hawa (chaal aur disha) aur aardrata (hawa mein jal-vaashp).

Yantron se bahut pehle log prakriti ke sanket padhte: neeche udte pakshi, ande oonchi jagah le jaati cheentiyaan, zor se tarraate mendhak ya nam hawa mein band hote chid ke shanku baarish ka ishaara dete. Ye gyaan peedhi-dar-peedhi chala, aur kai samudaay ab bhi isse monsoon aane ka andaaza lagaate. Aaj meteorology, mausam ka vyavasthit adhyayan, sateek maapon se poorvaanumaan karta.

Explore: mausam ka kaunsa tatva?

1. Har report sort karo.

Yaad rakho

• Mausam kisi samay-jagah par vaayumandal ki dasha; ye kshobhmandal mein hota.
• Tatva: taapmaan, varsha, daab, hawa aur aardrata; log pehle prakriti ke sanket padhkar anumaan lagaate.

Quick check

Lagbhag saara mausam kahaan hota?

1. troposphere
2. stratosphere
3. ozone layer
4. outer space

Socho

Tumhaare ilaake ke bade baarish ka anumaan kin kahaavaton ya sanketon se lagaate?

Practice

Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.