Hinglish

Governance and the Three Organs of Government

Class 6 Social Science · Chapter 10: Grassroots Democracy – Part 1: Governance · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 10.1

Learn

Diya's school cricket match turns into chaos: no one agrees how many overs to play, who bats first, or whether a ball was out. Finally, the captains sit down, agree on rules and choose a fair umpire. The match goes smoothly after that. Rules help people live and play together in harmony.

There are rules at home, at school, on the road and at work. The process of taking decisions, organising society's life with rules and making sure they are followed is called governance. The group or system that does this is a government. The most important rules are called laws. Laws can be discussed and changed as society's needs change.

Today, money can be sent instantly on a phone. But this also created cybercrime: criminals who steal money online. So the government made new laws against it, the police caught some criminals, and courts punished them. This shows the three organs of government at work.

The legislature makes laws (in India, Parliament and the State Assemblies). The executive carries them out (the President, Prime Minister, ministers, government departments and police). The judiciary (the courts, with the Supreme Court at the top) settles disputes and decides whether laws have been broken. Each organ checks the others so that no one has all the power.

Explore: which organ?

  1. Sort each card.

Remember

  • Governance is making decisions and rules for society and ensuring they are followed; the government does this.
  • Three organs: the legislature makes laws, the executive carries them out, the judiciary settles disputes.

Quick check

Which organ of government makes laws?

  1. Legislature
  2. Executive
  3. Judiciary
  4. Police
Answer

Legislature. The legislature legislates (makes laws).

Think about it

What would happen if the same person made the laws, carried them out and judged everyone?

One answer

That person would have too much power and could act unfairly with no one to stop them. Keeping the three organs separate protects people's rights.

Practice

Practise with fresh questions at three levels (easy, medium, hard), some answered hands-on, with hints and worked answers. Get 4 of your last 5 right to finish the topic.