Sundar aur saaf data presentation
Class 6 Maths · Chapter 4: Data Handling aur Presentation · NCERT Ganita Prakash section 4.5
Seekho
Ye Bharat ki kuch sabse oonchi chotiyaan hain, metre mein. Numbers ki table milaana mushkil hai, par bar graph ek nazar mein saaf dikhaata hai. Oonchaai zameen se upar jaati hai, isliye khade bars (columns) natural lagte hain, pahaadon jaise.
Zameen ke saath lambai, jaise shehron ke beech doori ya nadiyon ki lambai, leti hui bars mein natural lagti hai. Achchhe rang aur saade chitra graph ko sundar aur samajhne mein aasaan banaate hain.
Par saavdhaan: 'fancy' graph gumraah kar sakta hai. Do classes ke average marks ka ye graph 0 se nahi, 55 se shuru hota hai. Class A ka bar, B se lagbhag teen guna ooncha dikhta hai, par A ke 64 aur B ke 61 marks hain: sirf 3 zyada!
64 − 61 = 3
Explore: Tenzin ne school library ki har saal di gayi books ka graph banaaya, par kuch bars galat hain. Uski table se theek karo: 2021 1,200 · 2022 1,500 · 2023 2,100 · 2024 2,600 · 2025 3,300.
- Galat bars theek karo.
- Kin do saalon ke beech sabse zyada badha? Use tap karo.
Yaad rakho
- Oonchaai: khade bars (columns). Zameen ke saath lambai: leti bars.
- Graph gumraah na kare: scale 0 se shuru karo aur imaandaar raho.
Quick check
Bar graph ka axis 0 ki jagah 55 se shuru hota hai. Kya galat ho sakta hai?
- Chhote antar bade dikhte hain
- Bars chaude ho jaate hain
- Numbers badal jaate hain
- Kuch bhi nahi
Answer
Chhote antar bade dikhte hain. Neeche ka hissa kaatne se chhote antar asal se bahut bade dikhte hain.
Socho
Kangchenjunga 8,586 m ooncha hai aur Anamudi, Dakshin Bharat ki sabse oonchi choti, 2,695 m. Kangchenjunga lagbhag kitne guna ooncha hai?
Ek answer
Lagbhag 3 guna: 2,695 × 3 = 8,085, jo 8,586 se thoda kam hai. (Antar 8,586 − 2,695 = 5,891 m hai.)
Practice
Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.