Akshansh aur Deshantar

Class 6 Social Science · Chapter 1: Dharti par Jagah Dhoondhna · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 1.2

Seekho

Cinema hall mein Meher ki ticket par likha hai Row F, Seat 12. Sirf do jaankaariyon se wo saikdon mein apni theek seat dhoondh leti hai. Bhoogol-shaastri Dharti par kisi bhi jagah ke liye yahi karte hain, do numbers se: akshansh (latitude) aur deshantar (longitude).

Bhoomadhya rekha (Equator) Dharti ke beech ka kalpanik vritt hai, Uttari aur Dakshini Dhruv ke theek beech. Ye 0° akshansh hai. Iske samaanaantar vritt, uttar aur dakshin mein dhruvon par 90° tak, akshansh rekhaayein hain. Khaas hain Kark rekha (23.5°N), Makar rekha (23.5°S), aur Arctic aur Antarctic vritt.

Deshantar rekhaayein (meridian) Uttari Dhruv se Dakshini Dhruv tak jaati hain. Prime Meridian (0°) London ke Greenwich se guzarta hai. Deshantar isse 180° poorv aur 180° paschim tak gine jaate hain. Jagah aise likhte hain 30°N, 60°E: pehle akshansh, phir deshantar.

Bhaarat poora Uttari aur Poorvi Golardh mein hai, lagbhag 8°N se 37°N aur 68°E se 97°E ke beech. Kark rekha Bhaarat ke beech se, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh aur Paschim Bangaal jaise raajyon se guzarti hai.

Explore: jaal par marker rakho.

1. Marker wahan rakho jahan Bhoomadhya rekha Prime Meridian se milti hai.
2. Ise 30°N, 90°E par rakho (Bhaarat ke uttar-poorv ke paas).
3. Ab 60°S, 120°W par.

Yaad rakho

• Akshansh Bhoomadhya rekha se uttar aur dakshin naape gaye samaanaantar vritt hain (0° se 90°).
• Deshantar dhruv se dhruv tak aur Prime Meridian se poorv aur paschim naape jaate hain (0° se 180°).

Quick check

Bhoomadhya rekha ka akshansh kya hai?

1. 0°
2. 90°
3. 23.5°
4. 180°

Socho

Do jagahon ka deshantar same hai par akshansh alag. Unke baare mein kya kah sakte ho?

Practice

Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.