Ant ya Nayi Shuruaat?

Class 6 Social Science · Chapter 6: Bhaarateeya Sabhyata ki Shuruaat · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 6.8

Seekho

Lagbhag 1900 BCE mein Harappa ke shehar dheere-dheere, ek-ek karke, chhode jaane lage. Unhe chalaane wala shaasan gayab sa ho gaya, aur log saikdon chhote gaon mein bikhar gaye.

Kyun? Bahut pehle kuch log sochte the ki hamlaavaron ne shehar nasht kiye, par yuddh ka koi nishaan nahi. Aaj vidwaan do mukhya kaaranon par sahmat hain: mausam ka badlaav jisse baarish kam hui aur kheti mushkil hui, aur Sarasvati nadi ka apne madhya bhaag mein sookhna. Wahan ke shehar, jaise Kalibangan aur Banawali, achaanak chhode gaye.

Shehar khaane aur kabhi paani ke liye gaon par nirbhar the. Jab khaana kam hua, to khet aur paani ke paas gaon ke jeevan mein lautna samajhdaari thi. Ye yaad dilaata hai ki log mausam aur paryaavaran par kitne nirbhar hain.

Par ye poora ant nahi tha. Harappa ki kai kalaayein aur reetiyaan, kheti mein, moti aur choodi jaise shilp mein, nagar-nirmaan mein aur shaayad kuch maanyataon mein, baad ke Bhaarateeya jeevan mein chalti rahi. To ye ek nayi shuruaat bhi thi.

Explore: shehron ki kahaani.

1. Kahaani kram mein lagao.

Yaad rakho

• Lagbhag 1900 BCE ke baad sookhe mausam aur Sarasvati ke sookhne se shehar chhode gaye.
• Log gaon gaye, aur Harappa ki kai kalaayein chalti rahi: nayi shuruaat.

Quick check

Kaunsa patan ka sweekrit kaaran NAHI hai?

1. Hamlaavaron se bada yuddh
2. Mausam badlaav se kam baarish
3. Sarasvati ka sookhna
4. Mushkil kheti aur kam khaana

Socho

Jalvaayu parivartan ne Harappa waalon ko prabhaavit kiya. Aaj ye logon ko kaise prabhaavit kar raha hai?

Practice

Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.