Monsoon

Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 3: Bharat ki Jalvaayu · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 3.3

Seekho

Monsoon Bharatiya jeevan ka kendra: nadiyaan bharti, khet bheegte, fasal ugti. Shabd Arabi mausim, "mausam" se. Pehle Hind Mahaasaagar ki mausami hawaaon ka naam, ab aam taur par unki laayi baarish. Mool vichaar: zameen samudra se jaldi garam-thandi hoti, aur hawa zyaada se kam daab ki or behti.

Garmi mein Asia ka bhoo-bhaag garam hokar tez kam daab banaata. Thande samudra se nam hawaayein kheenchi jaati aur bhaari baarish: dakshin-pashchim (garmi ka) monsoon. Ye June ki shuruaat mein dakshini chhor aur July ke beech tak poore desh mein. Pashchimi Ghaat iska bada hissa pashchimi dhalaan par rok lete, to aage Deccan ko kam. Sardi mein zameen jaldi thandi, pattern ulat, aur sookhi hawaayein zameen se samudra, sivaay unke jo Bangaal ki Khaadi paar karke nami lekar poorvi aur dakshini Bharat ke hisson mein uttar-poorvi (sardi ka) monsoon laati.

Meghalaya ka Mawsynram saal mein lagbhag 11,000 mm baarish paata, duniya mein sabse zyaada. Monsoon ne Megh Malhaar aur Amritvarshini jaise raag prerit kiye. Log baarish ke anumaan ko prakriti bhi padhte: Konkan ke machhuare gehre paani ki machhliyon ka sataah par aana dekhte, aur dakshin ke kuch hisson mein amaltaas khilne ke lagbhag 50 din baad monsoon aata kehte.

Explore: garmi ya sardi ka monsoon?

1. Har visheshta sort karo.

Yaad rakho

• Monsoon zameen-samudra ke alag garam hone se mausami hawaayein.
• Dakshin-pashchim monsoon Bharat ki zyaadatar baarish (June–September); uttar-poorvi dakshin-poorab mein sardi ki baarish.

Quick check

Garmi ki monsoon hawa Bharat ki or kyun?

1. garam zameen par kam daab samudri hawa kheenchta
2. samudra zameen se garam
3. Himalaya dhakelte
4. zameen par zyaada daab

Socho

Kisaan ko monsoon aane ke samay ki itni chinta kyun?

Practice

Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.