Mausam, Ritu aur Jalvaayu
Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 3: Bharat ki Jalvaayu · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 3.1
Seekho
"Aaj Dilli ki jalvaayu bhayaanak hai!" Ishaan paseene mein kehta. Zoya muskuraati: "Tumhaara matlab mausam." Mausam jo hum ghante-ghante, din-din mehsoos karte. Jalvaayu lambe samay ka mausam ka pattern, kam se kam kai dashak, aur kshetra-dar-kshetra alag. Ritu beech mein: Prithvi ke Sooraj ki parikrama se har saal lautti, aur mausam unke saath badalta.
Duniya ke zyaadatar hisson mein chaar ritu, par Bharat mein alag barsaat ki ritu, monsoon, bhi. Paramparaagat roop se saal chhah rituon mein: vasant, greeshm, varsha, sharad, hemant aur shishir, Vasant Panchami aur Sharad Poornima jaise tyohaaron ke saath. Fasal, khaana, kapde aur jaanwaron ke baal bhi rituon ki laya par chalte.
Bharat ki jalvaayu uski zameen jitni vividh. Oonche Himalaya alpine (barfeeli sardi, thandi garmi); hill station sheetoshna; uttari maidaan upaushna (bahut garam garmi, thandi sardi, Bharat ka gehoon bhandaar); Thar shushk; pashchimi tatiya patti ushna aardra (bhaari monsoon baarish, chaawal aur masaale); madhya Deccan ardh-shushk; aur poorab aur dakshin ushna, monsoon hawaaon se tay geele aur sookhe daur ke saath.
Explore: chhah ritu.
- Rituon ko vasant se shuru karke kram mein lagao.
Yaad rakho
- Mausam alpakaalik, ritu saalaana, jalvaayu lambe samay ka pattern.
- Bharat mein chhah paramparaagat ritu aur alpine se shushk tak kai jalvaayu.
Quick check
"Aaj dopahar bhaari baarish hui" kya batata?
- weather
- climate
- latitude
- topography
Answer
weather. Ek dopahar mausam; jalvaayu dashakon ka pattern.
Socho
Tumhaare kshetra ke kaunse tyohaar kisi ritu ya fasal se jude?
Ek answer
Jawaab alag: Baisakhi, Bihu, Pongal, Onam, Lohri, Makar Sankranti aur Gudi Padwa sab ritu ya kheti ke pal manaate.
Practice
Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.