Hawaai Parivahan, Jahaazraani aur Bandargaah
Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 19: Aadhaarbhoot Dhaancha: Bharat ke Vikaas ka Engine · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 19.4
Seekho
Hawaai parivahan jagahon ko jodne ka sabse tez tareeka. Yaatri udaanein log le jaati; maal udaanein teeke aur samudri bhojan jaise keemti ya jaldi kharaab hone waale maal, aur aapda mein pahaad, registaan aur dweepon tak raahat. Bharat ka gharelu hawaai traffic duniya mein teesra, 2024–25 mein lagbhag 37.6 crore yaatri, aur 2025 mein 159 hawaai adde. Bengaluru ka Kempegowda hawaai adda baans aur hariyaali ke saath "baag shehar" ki tarah bana.
11,100 km tat ke saath Bharat Pashchim Asia, Africa aur Europe se samudri vyaapaar karta. Jahaaz koyla, car aur cement jaise bhaari maal ko door le jaane ka sabse sasta tareeka. Bharat mein 12 bade bandargaah aur 217 chhote, jaise Mumbai, Kochi, Chennai, Visakhapatnam aur Paradip, aur ek dashak mein sambhaala maal aadha badha. Container traffic TEU (bees-foot samaan ikaai) mein naapa jaata; 2024 mein Mumbai ne lagbhag 70 laakh TEU sambhaale, jabki Shanghai ne 5 crore se zyaada.
Explore: bhejne ka sabse achchha tareeka?
- Har maal sort karo.
Yaad rakho
- Hawaai parivahan sabse tez aur aapda mein zaroori; Bharat ka gharelu hawaai traffic teesra.
- Jahaaz Bharat ke 12 bade aur 217 chhote bandargaahon se bhaari maal sasta le jaate.
Quick check
Lambi doori par bhaari maal ke liye kaunsa sabse sasta?
- ships
- aeroplanes
- autorickshaws
- bicycles
Answer
ships. Hawaai jahaaz sabse tez par mehnge.
Socho
Bandargaah aur hawaai adde apne se kahin door naukriyaan kaise banaate?
Ek answer
Truck chaalak, godaam, niryaat karne waale kaarkhaane, hotel, taxi, dukaanein aur marammat sevaayein vyaapaar aur yaatra ke saath badhti, door ke shehron mein bhi.
Practice
Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.