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Rail aur Metro

Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 19: Aadhaarbhoot Dhaancha: Bharat ke Vikaas ka Engine · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 19.3

Seekho

Angrezon ne 1853 mein Bharat mein rail shuru ki, kapaas aur chaai niryaat ke liye bandargaah le jaane, British maal failaane aur kade niyantran ke liye sena le jaane. Samay ke saath rail Bharat ki jeevan rekha bani: bazaar badhe aur station ke paas shehar base. Aaj Bharatiya Rail duniya ki chauthi sabse badi vyavastha, roz 2 crore se zyaada yaatri duniya ke sabse saste kiraaye par, aur sabse bade niyoktaaon mein, lagbhag 12 laakh karmchaari aur kai apratyaksh naukriyaan. Maal gaadiyaan sadak se 75–90% kam oorja use karti, aur Bharat ne lagbhag 97% jaal ka vidyutikaran kiya, bhaap (1895) se diesel (1957), bijli (1970) aur Vande Bharat (2019) tak.

Metro rail ab 23 Bharatiya shehron mein 1,000 km se zyaada chalti, aur Bharat jald China aur America ke baad duniya ka teesra sabse bada metro jaal hoga. Zameen ke neeche ya oonchi patri par chalti metro yaatra samay aur sadak traffic ghataati aur bijli use karti; Delhi Metro saur oorja bhi leti. 2024 mein America ke paas lagbhag 2,93,564 km rail line, China 1,50,000 km, Russia 85,494 km, Bharat 69,181 km aur Canada 48,000 km.

Explore: ghatnaayein samay rekha par.

  1. Bharat ki pehli rail 1853 mein chali. Marker wahaan.
  2. Vande Bharat rail 2019 mein shuru hui. Marker wahaan.

Yaad rakho

  • Rail 1853 mein aupniveshik zaroorat ke liye shuru hui aur Bharat ki jeevan rekha bani; ye oorja-kushal aur lagbhag poori bijli wali.
  • 23 shehron ki metro yaatra samay, traffic aur pradooshan ghataati.

Quick check

Angrezon ne Bharat mein rail kyun banaayi?

  1. kachcha maal bandargaah tak, British maal bechne aur sena le jaane
  2. Bharatiya udyogon ko Britain se hod mein madad
  3. sirf paryatan
  4. Bharat ko Africa se jodne
Answer

kachcha maal bandargaah tak, British maal bechne aur sena le jaane. Baad mein rail Bharatiyon ki jeevan rekha bani.

Socho

Vyast railway station ke aas-paas kaunsi aarthik gatividhiyaan dikhengi?

Ek answer

Khaane ke thele aur vikreta, kuli, taxi aur auto chaalak, hotel, dukaanein, parcel seva aur yaatriyon ke kaaran bane bazaar.

Practice

Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.