Class 7 Social Science: Exploring Society: India and Beyond
Exploring Society: India and Beyond is your NCERT social science book. It covers our land, our past, how we govern ourselves, and how we earn and share.
Chapters
- 1. Geographical Diversity of India Interactive
The Himalayas and the Cold Desert · The Gangetic Plains · The Thar Desert and the Aravalli Hills · The Peninsular Plateau · Coasts, Islands and the Northeast
- 2. Understanding the Weather Interactive
Weather and Its Elements · Measuring Temperature and Rainfall · Pressure, Wind and Humidity · Weather Stations and Forecasts
- 3. Climates of India Interactive
Weather, Seasons and Climate · Factors Determining the Climate · The Monsoons · Climate, Our Lives and Disasters · Climate Change
- 4. New Beginnings: Cities and States Interactive
The Second Urbanisation: Janapadas and Mahājanapadas · Early Democratic Traditions · More Innovations: Ideas, Iron and Coins · The Varṇa–Jāti System · Developments Elsewhere in India
- 5. The Rise of Empires Interactive
What Is an Empire? · Trade, Trade Routes and Guilds · The Rise of Magadha and the Arrival of the Greeks · The Mighty Mauryas: Chandragupta and Kauṭilya · Aśhoka: The King Who Chose Peace · Life in Mauryan Times and the Fragile Nature of Empires
- 6. The Age of Reorganisation Interactive
A New Map: The Śhungas · The Sātavāhanas · The Chedis of Kalinga · Kingdoms and Life in the South · Indo-Greeks, Śhakas and Kuṣhāṇas
- 7. The Gupta Era: An Age of Tireless Creativity Interactive
A New Power Emerges · Faxian's Account and Gupta Governance · The Classical Age: Great Minds · The Quest for Beauty and the Decline of the Guptas · Meanwhile in the South and Northeast
- 8. How the Land Becomes Sacred Interactive
What Is Sacredness? · Pilgrimages and Sacred Geography · Sacred Ecology: Rivers, Mountains and Groves · Pilgrimage, Trade and Conserving the Sacred
- 9. From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types of Governments Interactive
What Is Government? What Are Its Functions? · What Makes Governments Different? · Democratic Governments around the World · Other Forms of Government · Why Democracy Matters
- 10. The Constitution of India — An Introduction Interactive
What Is a Constitution, and Why Do We Need One? · Writing the Constitution of India · What Shaped the Indian Constitution? · Key Features: Rights, Duties and Directive Principles · The Preamble: Guiding Values
- 11. From Barter to Money Interactive
The Barter System · Why Do We Need Money? · Basic Functions of Money · The Journey of Money: Coins and Paper Money · New Forms of Money
- 12. Understanding Markets Interactive
What Is a Market? · Prices and Markets · Markets Around Us · The Role of Markets in People's Lives · The Government's Role in the Market · Assessing the Quality of Products
- 13. The Story of Indian Farming Interactive
India's Farming Landscape and Its Long Past · Climate, Seasons and Crops · Soil, the Foundation of Cultivation · Water and Seeds · Traditional Wisdom and Modern Innovations · The Government's Role and Challenges
- 14. India and Her Neighbours Interactive
Framing the Neighbourhood · China and Pakistan · Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan · Myanmar and Afghanistan · Sri Lanka and the Maldives · Neighbours in Southeast Asia · Iran and Oman
- 15. Empires and Kingdoms: 6th to 10th Centuries Interactive
The 'Great King of Kings' · A Tripartite Struggle for Kannauj · Kashmir · The Deccan and Beyond · Other Developments · Foreign Invasions
- 16. Turning Tides: 11th and 12th Centuries Interactive
The Ghaznavid Invasions · Al-Bīrūnī and Bhāskarāchārya · Eastern India · Further South · Back to the North · Governance, Trade and Cultural Life
- 17. India, a Home to Many Interactive
The Story of Indian Jews · Syriac Christians and the Parsis · Arab Merchants and the African Connection · The Armenians and the Baha'is · The Good Maharaja and Tibetan Refugees · "The Whole World Is Family"
- 18. The State, the Government, and You Interactive
What Is a State? · What Is a Government? · Democracy and Republic · Legislature and Executive · The Government and You · Tiers of Government
- 19. Infrastructure: Engine of India's Development Interactive
Why Physical Infrastructure Matters · Roads, Highways and Bridges · Railways and Metros · Air Transport, Shipping and Ports · Communications Infrastructure · Collective Responsibility Towards Infrastructure
- 20. Banks and the Magic of Finance Interactive
What Banks Do · Interest and the Magic of Compounding · Banking for All and Other Institutions · Payment Modes and Systems · The Stock Market · Financial Frauds and How to Prevent Them