Sabhyata Kya Hai?

Class 6 Social Science · Chapter 6: Bhaarateeya Sabhyata ki Shuruaat · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 6.1

Seekho

Rehan ki class museum jaati hai. Kaanch ke peeche mitti ke chhote khilaune, laal motiyon ka haar aur ek chhoti chaukor muhar hai jis par bail khuda hai. "Ye lagbhag 4,500 saal purane hain," guide kehte hain, "duniya ki pehli sabhyataon mein se ek se." Rehan sochta hai: sabhyata aakhir hai kya?

Chapter 4 mein humne pehle insaanon ko basna aur kheti karna dekha. Samay ke saath kuch samudaayon ne nayi takneekein viksit ki, jaise nirmaan, dhaatukarm (prakriti se dhaatu nikaalna aur aakaar dena) aur parivahan, aur sabhyata ki or badhe.

Itihaaskaar kehte hain sabhyata mein kai lakshan saath hote hain: kisi tarah ka shaasan aur prashaasan; shaharikaran (kasbe aur shehar, aksar yojanaabaddh); kai tarah ke shilp; vyapaar, kshetra ke andar aur door ke deshon se; kisi tarah ka lekhan; aur saajhi saanskritik paramparaayein.

Duniya ki sabse purani sabhyataayein badi nadiyon ke kinaare badhi: Mesopotamia (aaj ka Iraq) mein, Misr mein Neel ke kinaare, China mein, aur Bhaarateeya upmahaadweep ke uttar-paschim mein. Agle topics mein hum Bhaarat ki sabse purani sabhyata khojenge.

Explore: sabhyata ka lakshan?

1. Har card sort karo.

Yaad rakho

• Sabhyata mein shaasan, kasbe aur shehar, shilp, vyapaar, lekhan aur saajhi paramparaayein hoti hain.
• Sabse purani sabhyataayein badi nadiyon ke kinaare badhi.

Quick check

Sabhyata ka lakshan kaunsa hai?

1. Shilp aur vyapaar wale kasbe aur shehar
2. Kuch dinon mein dera badalna
3. Doosron se sampark nahi
4. Akele rehna

Socho

Tumhe kya lagta hai pehli sabhyataayein badi nadiyon ke paas kyun badhi?

Practice

Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.