Kalinga ke Chedi
Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 6: Punargathan ka Yug · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 6.3
Seekho
Ashok ke yuddh mein kuchla Kalinga Chedi vansh ke adheen phir utha. Iske mahaan raaja Khaaravel Jain shiksha maante aur bhikshu-raaja kehlaate, phir bhi sab sampradaayon ka sammaan karte. Bhubaneswar ke paas Udayagiri–Khandagiri gufaayein, shaayad Jain bhikshuon ke liye, mein khule kamre, nakkaashi wale panel aur moortiyaan chattaan mein kamaal ki sateekta se kaati gayi: shail-krit vaastu ke sundar udaharan.
Braahmi lipi mein Haathigumpha abhilekh Khaaravel ke kaarya saal-dar-saal darj karta: sainya vijay aur praja-kalyaan ke kaam. Wo garv se kehte unhone sau kshetron se tapasviyon aur rishiyon ki sabha ikatthi ki aur khud ko "har sampradaay ka sammaan karne wala aur har mandir ki marammat karne wala" kehte. Phir ek shaasak sab vichaar-dharaaon ki raksha par garv karta, jise hum Bharatiya lokaachaar keh sakte.
Explore: ghatnaayein samay rekha par.
- Shunga vansh lagbhag 185 BCE shuru. Marker wahaan.
- Shak Samvat yug 78 CE mein shuru. Marker wahaan.
Yaad rakho
- Chedi ke adheen Kalinga phir utha; Khaaravel Jain bhikshu-raaja jo sab sampradaayon ka sammaan karte.
- Udayagiri–Khandagiri gufaayein aur Haathigumpha abhilekh unki sthaayi viraasat.
Quick check
Khaaravel ne apni uplabdhiyaan kahaan darj ki?
- Hāthīgumphā inscription
- Naneghat inscription
- Sarnath pillar
- Heliodorus pillar
Answer
Hāthīgumphā inscription. Ye Bhubaneswar ke paas Udayagiri gufaaon mein.
Socho
Kaarigaron ne sirf hathaude-chheni se chattaan mein itne niyamit kamre kaise kaate honge?
Ek answer
Dhyaan se yojana aur nishaan lagaakar, upar se neeche paraton mein kaam karke, maargdarshak rekhaayein aur naapne ki dori lekar, aur saalon ustaad se shaagird tak hunar dekar.
Practice
Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.