English

Faxian ka Vivaran aur Gupt Shaasan

Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 7: Gupt Yug: Akhand Rachnaatmakta ka Yug · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 7.2

Seekho

Chini teerth-yaatri Faxian 5vi sadi CE ki shuruaat mein Bauddh sthal dekhne, vidvaanon se seekhne aur granth ikatthe karne Bharat bhar ghoome, aur unka yaatra-vritaant bacha hai. Wo bahut se khush log, Ganga maidaan ke samriddh shehar, muft dawa wale daan-grih chalaate vyaapaari, aur gareebon, anaathon aur beemaaron ki dekhbhaal batate. Par wo chaandaalon ke saath kathor vyavahaar bhi darj karte, jinhe bahishkrit maankar shehar ke bahar rakha jaata. Ek yaatri samaaj ka sirf hissa dekhta, isliye itihaaskaar nishkarsh se pehle kai srot milaate.

Gupton ne mahaaraajaadhiraaj, samraat aur chakravarti jaisi badi upaadhiyaan li. Wo yuddh, kootneeti aur vivaah gathbandhan se badhe: Chandragupt dviteeya ki beti Prabhaavati Gupt ka vivaah Vaakaatak raajkumaar se hua, aur unke jaldi mar jaane par wo sanrakshak shaasak bani, Gupt–Vaakaatak rishte majboot rakhe; ek abhilekh unhe "do raajaaon ki maa" kehta. Sab kuch kendra se chalaane ki jagah Gupton ne saamraajya praanton mein baanta aur sthaaniya shaasakon, puroohiton aur mukhiyaaon ko bhoomi-daan diye, taamrapatron par darj.

Mukhya aay bhoomi kar, saath mein jurmaane aur khadaan, sinchaai, vyaapaar aur shilp par kar. Vyaapaar jeevant: kapda, masaale, haathi-daant aur ratn Hind Mahaasaagar se Bhoomadhya saagar, Dakshin-poorv Asia aur China. Arab Saagar ke Socotra dweep par Braahmi abhilekh, Bharatiya bartan aur stoop ka design bhi dikhaate Bharatiya vyaapaari sadiyon wahaan the, Misri, Arab, Roman aur Yoonaaniyon ke saath.

Explore: ghatnaayein samay rekha par.

  1. Faxian lagbhag 405 CE Bharat mein. Marker wahaan.
  2. Samudragupt ne lagbhag 350 CE saamraajya failaaya. Marker wahaan.

Yaad rakho

  • Faxian ne Gupt shehar aur daan sarahe par chaandaalon ke saath kathorta bhi darj ki.
  • Gupton ne badi upaadhiyon, Prabhaavati Gupt jaise gathbandhan, taamrapatra bhoomi-daan, bhoomi kar aur Hind Mahaasaagar vyaapaar se raaj kiya.

Quick check

Itihaaskaaron ko Faxian ke vivaran mein saavdhaan kyun rehna chahiye?

  1. ye ek yaatri ki samaaj ke hisse ki nazar
  2. nakli hai
  3. Angrezi mein
  4. Rome ka varnan
Answer

ye ek yaatri ki samaaj ke hisse ki nazar. Kai srot milaane se poori tasveer.

Socho

Ek hi srot do itihaaskaar alag kyun padh sakte?

Ek answer

Wo alag prashn poochh sakte, alag baatein dekh sakte, ya alag saboot se milaa sakte; lekhak ka apna nazariya bhi parakhna padta.

Practice

Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.