Saamraajya Kya Hai?

Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 5: Saamraajyon ka Uday · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 5.1

Seekho

Patna ke Bihar Sangrahaalay ki school yaatra par Meher ek vishaal chamakti pathar ki moorti aur lakdi ki deewaaron, nigraani-buzon aur khaai wale praacheen shehar ke model ke saamne khadi. "Ye Paataliputra tha," guide kehta, "ek aise saamraajya ki raajdhaani jiski seema tak ghode par lagbhag do mahine lagte." "Raajya se bada?" Kabir poochhta. "Bahut bada. Wo saamraajya tha."

"Empire" Latin imperium, "sarvochch shakti" se. Saamraajya ek shaktishaali shaasak ke adheen chhote raajyon ya kshetron ka samooh, aksar yuddh se jeeta. Chhote shaasak raaj karte rahe par karad (adheen) bane, nazraana (sona, anaaj, pashu, haathi) dekar samraat ko prabhu maana. Samraat ke Sanskrit shabd: samraaj (sabka swaami), adhiraaj (prabhu) aur raajaadhiraaj (raajaaon ka raaja).

Saamraajya aam taur par sena rakhta, prashaasan chalaata jo kar leta aur vyavastha rakhta, kaanoon banaata, sikke aur maanak baat chalaata, khadaanon aur jangalon jaise sansaadhan niyantrit karta, sadkein aur dhaancha banaata, aur kala, shiksha aur dharmon ka saath deta. Ye sab kyun? Prasiddhi, shakti, dhan aur sansaadhan ke liye. Saamraajya mukhyatah yuddh se, par nadiyon aur vyaapaar jaal par niyantran se bhi badhe.

Explore: saamraajya kya karta?

1. Har visheshta sort karo.

Yaad rakho

• Saamraajya ek sarvochch shaasak ke adheen kai raajya, karad shaasak nazraana dete.
• Saamraajya sena, prashaasan, kaanoon, sikke, sadkein rakhte aur sansaadhan niyantrit karte.

Quick check

Jo shaasak samraat ko prabhu maankar nazraana deta, kehlaata …

1. a tributary or vassal
2. a satrap of Greece
3. a guild head
4. a monk

Socho

Samraat kai bhaashaaon aur reetiyon wale logon ko saath kaise rakh sakta?

Practice

Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.