Raajya Kya Hai?
Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 18: Raajya, Sarkaar aur Aap · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 18.1
Seekho
Ishaan raajneeti vigyaan padhne waali cousin se poochhta: "Raajya ko rehne waale log kyun chahiye? Kya ye bas ghoomne ki jagah nahi ho sakta?" Wo samjhaati ghoomne waale paryatakon jaise; jagah se kuch sthaayi nahi baant-te. Raajya (ya raashtra) ek raajnaitik sangathan jise tay kshetra aur uski aabaadi par shaasan ka adhikaar. Iske chaar ang: log (zameen se judi sthaayi aabaadi), kshetra (padosiyon se sahmat seemaaon wala ilaaka, hamesha praakritik nahi), sarkaar (chalaane ki vyavastha), aur samprabhuta (bina baahari niyantran apne kaanoon banaane ki poori shakti).
Samprabhuta zaroori: koi doosra raajya ya baahari sanstha raajya ke aantarik maamlon mein dakhal nahi de sakti. Bharat mein "raajya" shabd poore Bharatiya Raajya ya uski ek ikaai, jaise Kerala Raajya, dono ho sakta. Kautilya ke Arthashaastra ne chetaaya ki sarkaar ke bina matsya nyaay, machhli ka niyam, jahaan badi chhoti ko nigalti. Isliye raajya vyavastha ke liye police aur kar se vaidh shakti ka daava karta.
Explore: raajya ka kaunsa lakshan?
- Har sanket sort karo.
Yaad rakho
- Raajya ke chaar lakshan: log, kshetra, sarkaar aur samprabhuta.
- Sarkaar ke bina shaktishaali kamzor ko kuchalte (matsya nyaay).
Quick check
Samprabhuta matlab raajya …
- makes its own laws without outside control
- has many rivers
- has a king
- has no army
Answer
makes its own laws without outside control. Ye raajya ke chaar zaroori lakshanon mein se ek.
Socho
Kya dweep par paryatakon ka samooh raajya bana sakta? Kyun ya kyun nahi?
Ek answer
Paryatak rehkar nahi: raajya ko wahaan rehne waali sthaayi aabaadi, sahmat seemaayein, sarkaar, aur doosron dwaara maani gayi samprabhuta chahiye.
Practice
Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.