Chapter 18: Raajya, Sarkaar aur Aap
Kya raajya aur sarkaar ek? Kya har loktantra ganraajya? Is chapter mein seekhenge raajya ke chaar lakshan, sarkaar usse kaise alag, Bharat loktantrik ganraajya kyun, vidhaayika, kaaryapaalika aur nyaaypaalika kaise kaam karti, naagrik sarkaar se kaam kaise karwa sakte, aur Bharat mein sarkaar ke teen star kyun.
Is chapter mein tum
- raajya aur sarkaar mein antar karna
- loktantra aur ganraajya ka antar samjhaana
- sarkaar ke ang aur kaaryapaalika batana
- naagrik sarkaar se kaise judte aur vikendreekaran kyun, samjhaana
Topics
- Raajya Kya Hai? NCERT 18.1
Raajya ke chaar lakshan: log, kshetra, sarkaar aur samprabhuta.
- Sarkaar Kya Hai? NCERT 18.2
Sarkaar kaanoon banaati, laagu karti aur vivaad sulajhaati; ye badalti, raajya rehta.
- Loktantra aur Ganraajya NCERT 18.3
Loktantra janta ka shaasan; ganraajya mein raashtra pramukh chuna jaata aur sanvidhaan shakti seemit karta.
- Vidhaayika aur Kaaryapaalika NCERT 18.4
Vidhaayika kaanoon banaati; kaaryapaalika laagu karti aur neeti banaati.
- Sarkaar aur Aap NCERT 18.5
Sarkaar rakshak, pradaata aur niyaamak; naagrik shikaayat portal, RTI, media, NGO, patra aur vote use kar sakte.
- Sarkaar ke Star NCERT 18.6
Bharat mein teen star: kendra, raajya aur sthaaniya; sthaaniya sarkaar 1990 ke dashak mein teesra star bani.
Key words
- State
- log, kshetra, sarkaar aur samprabhuta milkar
- Sovereignty
- bina baahari niyantran shaasan ki poori shakti
- Republic
- chune raashtra pramukh wala raajya
- Dominance of the majority
- bahumat ke hit alpsankhyak adhikaar ko nuksaan
- Permanent executive
- pariksha se chune lok sevak
- Transparency
- sarkaar ki jaankaari tak khuli pahunch
- Accountability
- apne kaamon ke liye jawaabdeh
- Decentralisation
- shakti ko staron mein failaana
Summary
- Raajya mein log, kshetra, sarkaar aur samprabhuta; sarkaarein badalti, raajya rehta.
- Bharat loktantrik ganraajya jiska sanvidhaan sabke adhikaar bachaata.
- Vidhaayika kaanoon banaati, kaaryapaalika (raajnaitik aur sthaayi) laagu karti, aur nyaaypaalika sanvidhaan ki raksha karti.
- Naagrik RTI, shikaayat portal, media, NGO aur vote use kar sakte; teen star sarkaar ko logon ke kareeb laate.