Vidhaayika aur Kaaryapaalika

Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 18: Raajya, Sarkaar aur Aap · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 18.4

Seekho

Vidhaayika desh (Sansad) ya raajya (Vidhaan Sabha) ke liye kaanoon banaati, taaki shaasan kisi ki nijee ichchha nahi, spasht kaanoonon se chale. Kaaryapaalika kaanoon laagu karti aur neetiyaan (kaarya yojana) banaati. Iske do hisse. Raajnaitik kaaryapaalika chuni jaati: pradhan mantri, mukhya mantri aur unke mantri, saath mein raashtrapati aur raajyapaal, jinki bhoomika zyaadatar aupchaarik. Wo bade faisle lete aur aamtaur par lagbhag paanch saal, janta ke bharose par.

Sthaayi kaaryapaalika lok sevak ya naukarshaah, UPSC jaisi parikshaaon se chune, chunaav se nahi. Koi bhi dal jeete wo bane rehte, visheshagya salaah dete, kaanoon aur yojanaayein laagu karte, naagrikon ko sarkaar se jodte aur record rakhte. Sevaaon mein IAS, IPS, IFS, IRS aur IFoS, aur sabse zyaada milne waale zameeni karmchaari: sarkaari shikshak, aanganwaadi aur swaasthya karmi, bus conductor. Wo janganana, chunaav aur teekaakaran chalaate. C. B. Muthamma 1949 mein Bharatiya Videsh Seva ki pehli mahila bani; anuchit roop se padonnati na milne par unhone Supreme Court mein mukadma jeeta jisne ling-pakshpaati niyam radd kiye.

Explore: raajnaitik ya sthaayi?

1. Har vyakti sort karo.

Yaad rakho

• Vidhaayika kaanoon banaati; kaaryapaalika laagu karti aur neeti banaati.
• Raajnaitik kaaryapaalika chuni jaati; lok sevakon ki sthaayi kaaryapaalika bani rehti.

Quick check

Lok sevak mantriyon se alag kyunki wo …

1. pariksha se chune aur chunaav ke baad bane rehte
2. har saal chune jaate
3. saare kaanoon banaate
4. nyaayaadheesh hain

Socho

Sarkaar badalne par bhi pad par bane rehne waale adhikaari kyun upyogi?

Practice

Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.