Al-Biruni aur Bhaaskaraachaarya

Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 16: Badalti Lehrein: 11vi aur 12vi Sadi · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 16.2

Seekho

Al-Biruni, Khwaarizm (aaj ka Uzbekistan) ke Faarsi vidvaan, lagbhag 1017 mein Mahmood ke saath Bharat aaye. Unhone Sanskrit seekhi, Bharatiya vidvaanon se baat ki aur Bharatiya dharm, darshan, bhoogol aur vigyaan ka vishaal sarvekshan likha, Yoonaani aur Islaami gyaan se tulna karte. Unhone Patanjali ke Yogsootra ka Arabi anuvaad kiya. Unhone ye bhi likha ki Mahmood ne "desh ki samriddhi poori tarah barbaad kar di", isliye Bharatiya vigyaan Kashmir aur Varanasi jaisi surakshit jagah chala gaya.

Shiksha doosri jagah phalti rahi. Lagbhag Maharashtra mein 1114 mein janme Bhaaskaraachaarya (Bhaaskar II) ne Leelaavati likhi, jo padya ki jeevant paheliyon se ankganit sikhaati; beejganit par Beejaganit; aur jyotish par Siddhaantshiromani. Europe ko unke kuch tareeke dobaara khojne mein sadiyaan lagin. Ek paheli: haathiyon ke jhund mein aadhe aur aadhe ka tihaai gufa gaye, chhatha aur chhathe ka saatvaan peene gaye, aathvaan aur aathve ka nauvaan kamal taal mein khele, aur haathiyon ka raaja teen hathiniyon ko le chala. Bhinn milkar jhund ka 251/252, to bache 4 haathi uska 1/252: jhund mein 1,008 haathi the!

Explore: kisne kya likha?

1. Har rachna sort karo.

Yaad rakho

• Al-Biruni ne Sanskrit padhi aur Bharatiya gyaan ka mahaan sarvekshan likha.
• Bhaaskaraachaarya ki Leelaavati ne paheliyon se ganit mazedaar banaaya.

Quick check

Al-Biruni ke anusaar Bharatiya vigyaan kahaan "bhaaga"?

1. Kashmir and Varanasi
2. Ghazni
3. China
4. Baghdad

Socho

Mahmood ke hi khemey ke vidvaan ka Bharatiya gyaan ki prashansa karna kya batata?

Practice

Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.