Dakkhan aur Aage

Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 15: Saamraajya aur Raajya: 6vi se 10vi Sadi · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 15.4

Seekho

Dakkhan mein Vaataapi (Badami) ke Chaalukya chhathi sadi ke madhya mein uthe. Pulakeshin II ne raajya badhaaya aur, jaise darbaari kavi Ravikeerti ka Aihole ke Jain mandir par abhilekh ghamand se kehta, Harsh ko haraaya (haalaanki kuch daave badha-chadhaakar). 7vi sadi ki shuruaat mein Vindhya ke uttar Harsh aur dakshin Pulakeshin II. Baad mein Poorvi Chaalukya Vengi se raaj karte. Aur dakshin mein Kaanchi ke Pallav Mahendravarman I aur Narasinhvarman I ("Maamall") ke samay shikhar par, jinhone Pulakeshin II ko haraaya. Unka bandargaah Maamallapuram Dakshin-poorv Asia se vyaapaar karta, aur uske chattaan-taraashe aur ekaashm mandir ek hi chattaan se bane.

Puraane Tamil raajya laut aaye. Paandya Madurai se raaj karte aur Korkai bandargaah se vyaapaar; Chera Kerala tat par. 9vi sadi mein Vijayaalay ne Tanjaavoor mein Cholon ko punarjeevit kiya, aur unke bete Aditya I ne Pallavon ko hataaya. Cholon ne dakshin Bharat ke sabse bade saamraajyon mein se ek banaaya, kushal shaasan, majboot nausena, bhavya mandir aur naachte Nataraaj jaisi kaansya moortiyon ke saath, upjaau Kaaveri delta ke sahaare. Is samay ke abhilekh aksar do bhaashaaon mein: raaja ki prashansa Sanskrit mein aur asli vivaran sthaaniya bhaasha mein.

Explore: kaunsa dakshini vansh?

1. Har sanket sort karo.

Yaad rakho

• 7vi sadi mein Badami ke Chaalukya aur Kaanchi ke Pallav bade pratidwandi.
• Paandya, Chera aur khaas kar Tanjaavoor ke Chol sudoor dakshin ko gadhte.

Quick check

Ekaashm mandir …

1. carved from a single rock
2. built of bricks
3. made of wood
4. floating on water

Socho

Zameen ka daan raaja ki prashansa Sanskrit mein par vivaran sthaaniya bhaasha mein kyun deta?

Practice

Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.