Jalvaayu, Mausam aur Fasalein

Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 13: Bharatiya Kheti ki Kahaani · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 13.2

Seekho

Bharat ki jalvaayu vividh, isliye ise jalvaayu, mitti, bhoo-bhaag aur vanaspati ke aadhaar par 15 krishi-jalvaayu kshetron mein baanta gaya. Dakshin-pashchim monsoon (June–September) zyaadatar baarish laata; uttar-poorvi monsoon (October–December) dakshin ke hisson ko seenchta, isliye Tamil Nadu lagbhag saal bhar dhaan ugaa sakta. Kisaan in mausamon ke hisaab se fasal tay karte.

Teen fasal mausam hain. Khareef fasalein monsoon ke saath boyi aur sharad mein kaati jaati: dhaan, makka, jowar, bajra, kapaas, moongphali aur ganna. Rabi fasalein sardi mein boyi aur basant mein kaati: gehoon, jau, chana, matar aur sarson. Zaayad fasalein beech ki chhoti garmi mein: tarbooz, kharbooza, kheera aur kaddoo. Ye shabd Arabi hain; puraane Bharatiya granthon mein kedaar, haimana aur graishmik jaise naam.

Explore: kaunsa mausam?

1. Har fasal sort karo.

Yaad rakho

• Bharat mein 15 krishi-jalvaayu kshetra; dakshin-pashchim aur uttar-poorvi monsoon kheti tay karte.
• Khareef monsoon mein, rabi sardi mein, zaayad chhoti garmi mein.

Quick check

Gehoon aur sarson … fasalein.

1. rabi
2. kharif
3. zaid
4. plantation

Socho

October mein Punjab aur Tamil Nadu ke kisaan alag fasal kyun ugaayenge?

Practice

Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.