Mitti, Kheti ki Neenv
Class 7 Social Science · Chapter 13: Bharatiya Kheti ki Kahaani · NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond section 13.3
Seekho
Mitti hazaaron saalon mein banti jab chattaanein tootkar humus se milti, sade paudhon-jaanwaron ka gehra jaivik padaarth. Bharat mein chhah mukhya mitti. Jalodh mitti nadiyon se, bade maidaanon mein. Jwaalaamukhi chattaan se kaali mitti nami rakhti aur kapaas ke liye theek. Laal mitti ka rang lohe se. Laterite mitti, bhaari baarish se khanij bahne par, eent jaisi sakht. Registaani mitti retili, aur parvatiya mitti patli aur pathreeli. Puraane Sanskrit kosh Amarakosh mein 12 tarah ki zameen.
Achchhi mitti katav aur zyaada upyog se kho sakti. Bachaane ke paramparaagat tareeke: fasal chakra (har mausam fasal badalna), bahu-fasal, dhalaan ke aar-paar samochch jutaai, jaivik khaad aur gaay ke utpaadon se bana panchagavya. Aaj kisaan pahaadon par seedhinuma khet, van-ropan (mitti thaamne ko ped) aur mulching (nami ke liye mitti ko pual ya patton se dhakna) bhi karte.
Explore: mitti milaao.
- Har sanket sort karo.
Yaad rakho
- Bharat ki mukhya mitti jalodh, kaali, laal, laterite, registaani aur parvatiya.
- Fasal chakra, samochch jutaai, khaad, seedhinuma khet, ped aur mulching mitti bachaate.
Quick check
Nami rakhne ke liye mitti ko pual ya patton se dhakna …
- mulching
- terracing
- threshing
- grafting
Answer
mulching. Mulching katav aur kharpatwaar bhi kam karti.
Socho
Dhalaan par oopar-neeche nahi, aar-paar jotna mitti kyun bachaata?
Ek answer
Aar-paar kooden chhoti deewaron jaisi behte paani ko dheema karti, to wo mitti mein samaata, neeche bhaagkar mitti nahi bahaata.
Practice
Teen levels (easy, medium, hard) ke naye sawaalon se practice karo, kuch hands-on, hints aur hal ke saath. Topic poora karne ke liye pichhle 5 mein se 4 sahi karo.