Chapter 9: Shaasak se Shaasit Tak: Sarkaar ke Prakaar
Desh kaun chalaaye, aur use kaise chuna jaaye? Is chapter mein school samiti se loktantra aur sarkaar ke teen kaarya samjhenge, chaar mukhya prashnon se sarkaaron ki tulna karenge, pratyaksh, sansadeey aur adhyakshiya loktantra dekhenge, raajtantra, dharmatantra, taanaashaahi aur alptantra se milenge, aur samjhenge loktantra kyun zaroori.
Is chapter mein tum
- sarkaar ke kaarya samjhaana
- chaar prashnon se sarkaar ke roopon ki tulna karna
- loktantra ke siddhaant aur prakaar batana
- raajtantra, dharmatantra, taanaashaahi, alptantra aur loktantra ka mahatv samjhaana
Topics
- Sarkaar Kya Hai? Iske Kaarya Kya? NCERT 9.1
Sarkaarein vyavastha, raksha, sevaayein, arthvyavastha aur kalyaan sambhaalti.
- Sarkaarein Alag Kyun Hoti Hain? NCERT 9.2
Sarkaarein adhikaar ke srot aur banne ke tareeke mein alag.
- Duniya bhar ki Loktaantrik Sarkaarein NCERT 9.3
Loktantron mein samaanta, aazaadi, chunaav, saarvabhaum mataadhikaar, maulik adhikaar aur swatantra nyaayapaalika saajhe.
- Sarkaar ke Anya Roop NCERT 9.4
Raajtantra poorn ya samvaidhaanik; Bharatiya raajaaon se raajdharma apekshit.
- Loktantra Kyun Zaroori Hai NCERT 9.5
Loktantra anokhe dhang se mataadhikaar, samaanta, aazaadi, shakti prithakkaran aur sabka kalyaan jodta.
Key words
- Representative
- doosron ki or se kaam ke liye chuna vyakti
- Universal adult franchise
- har vayask naagrik ka mataadhikaar
- Accountability
- sarkaar ka janta ke prati javaabdeh hona
- Separation of powers
- teen angon ka swatantra kaam
- Constitutional monarchy
- raajtantra jismein chuni sansad shaasan karti
- Theocracy
- dharmik netaaon aur niyamon ka shaasan
- Dictatorship
- ek vyakti ya samooh ka poorn shaasan
- Oligarchy
- chhote shaktishaali samooh ka shaasan
Summary
- Sarkaarein niyam banaati, laagu karti aur paalan karaati (vidhaayi, kaaryakaari, nyaayik).
- Adhikaar, gathan, dhaanche aur lakshyon mein alag.
- Loktantra pratyaksh ya pratinidhi, sansadeey (Bharat) ya adhyakshiya (USA).
- Raajtantra, dharmatantra, taanaashaahi aur alptantra shakti kendrit karte; loktantra adhikaar bachaata par jaagruk naagrik chahiye.